MM4632
b. Mid-intensity conflict. War between two or more nations and their respective allies, if any, in
which the belligerents use the most modern mobility, firepower (excluding nuclear, chemical,
combat service support for limited objectives under definitive policy limitations as to the
extent of destructive power that can be used or the extent of geographic area that might be
involved.
c. Low-intensity conflict. There are two types of low-intensity conflicts: type A and type B.
(1) Type A. Internal defense and development assistance operations involving actions by
US combat forces to establish, regain, or maintain control of specific land areas
threatened by guerrilla warfare, revolution, subversion or other tactics armed at internal
seizure of power.
(2) Type B. Internal defense and development assistance operations involving US advice,
combat support, and combat service support for indigenous or Allied forces engaged in
establishing, regaining, or maintaining control of specific land areas threatened by
guerrilla warfare, revolution, subversion, or other tactics aimed at internal seizure of
power.
4. Availability of resupply transport. Represents a tradeoff between authorizations and the UBL
items that can be carried into combat by individuals, on prime movers, on crew vehicles, and on
unit trains.
5. Availability of ammunition. Certain ammunition items could be in short supply, necessitating
shortages in UBL allocations.
The first three factors are largely enemy influenced, while the last two usually reflect shortfalls in
transportation and ammunition items.
In peacetime, the size and makeup of the UBL tends to become static and is primarily for
administrative control of ammunition issued to units to sustain them upon initial entry into combat. In
combat, the UBL becomes a dynamic rather than a static quantity. For example, a fluid situation with a
high-intensity air threat, such as that anticipated early in the war, would probably dictate a large UBL to
meet unforeseen contingencies and provide uninterrupted operations. On the other hand, an
anticipated combat situation of low-intensity would tend to reduce the size of the UBL. In either case it
must be remembered that UBL stocks represent the most important ammunition stockpile for the
individual unit. During the initial outbreak of hostilities there will not be sufficient time for units to draw
ammunition items from ammunition storage and issue facilities with which to go to war, so there will be
a "come as you are" period. The unit's UBL represents the "come as you are" ammunition assets of a
unit.
Training Stocks
Training stocks are all Class V supply items that are procured for consumption during training.
Training stocks are the primary vehicle used by a peacetime Army to practice and maintain wartime
skills in individual and unit training. For safety and cost effectiveness, certain types of training-unique
ammunition have been developed to simulate actual combat environments; however, there are specific
types of training requirements that mandate that actual service ammunition be used, i.e., weapons
qualifications, etc. Training stocks account for the largest single expenditure of funds within a fiscal or
funding year for any requirement category. Training ammunition is the only requirement category
where ammunition is procured for immediate expenditure and is not stockpiled for contingencies.
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